The Physical Ocean Processes lab at IMEDEA focuses on physical oceanography, investigating ocean dynamics at meso- and submesoscales to better understand the structure and variability of ocean circulation. By combining satellite altimetry, in situ observations, and numerical modeling, the team contributes to the validation and scientific exploitation of new altimetric products and the reconstruction of ocean state variables using advanced techniques, including artificial intelligence. Part of the research is conducted in the Mediterranean Sea, a region particularly vulnerable to climate change, where the effects of ocean warming and intensified extremes can be observed with increasing clarity. The approaches and scientific questions addressed are, however, relevant to ocean regions worldwide. Applications include improving ocean prediction systems and understanding potential impacts on marine ecosystems. Current investigations include the analysis of data from the SWOT satellite mission, its integration with high-resolution numerical models, the study of marine heatwaves and storm surges, the influence of small-scale dynamics on large-scale ocean circulation and climate, and the development of AI-based 3D reconstruction methods.

Recent Publications

Eddy kinetic energy variability from 30 years of altimetry in the Mediterranean Sea.

Eddy kinetic energy variability from 30 years of altimetry in the Mediterranean Sea.

Hargous, P., Combes, V., Barceló-Llull, B., and Pascual, A.
Ocean Science (2026)
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Vertical Kelvin wave propagation produced by a subsurface ridge.

Vertical Kelvin wave propagation produced by a subsurface ridge.

Dhage, L., Durland, T., Strub, P. T., & Combes, V.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans (2026)
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Observations of a splitting ocean cyclone resulting in subduction of surface waters.

Observations of a splitting ocean cyclone resulting in subduction of surface waters.

Middleton, L., Wu, W., Johnston, T. M. S., Tarry, D. R., Farrar, J. T., Poulain, P.‑M., Özgökmen, T. M., Shcherbina, A. Y., Pascual, A., McNeill, C. L., Belgacem, M., Berta, M., Abbott, K., Worden, A. Z., Wittmers, F., Kinsella, A., Centurioni, L. R., Hormann, V., Cutolo, E., Tintoré, J., Ruiz, S., Casas, B., Cheslack, H., D’Asaro, E. A., and Mahadevan, A.
Science Advances (2025)
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Climate Change Impacts on the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf Circulation.

Climate Change Impacts on the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf Circulation.

Matano, R., Combes, V., Palma, E., and Beals, E.
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. (2025)
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Effects of regional oceanography and climate variability on larval connectivity of the wedge clam Donax hanleyanus in South American beaches

Effects of regional oceanography and climate variability on larval connectivity of the wedge clam Donax hanleyanus in South American beaches

Meerhoff, E., Combes, V., Matano, R., Barrier, N., Franco, B.C., Piola, A.R., Hernández-Vaca, F., Defeo, O.
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (2025)
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